In this paper, a reference-free damage imaging method is proposed based on path matching for quasi-isotropic carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) structures. The patch matching concept in this technique considers paths with the same propagation distances and similar directions. A structural health monitoring (SHM) system was developed using a sensing array with twelve circular piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) for the generation and reception of ultrasonic guided waves. Among different sensor combinations, there are 66 sensing paths belonging to 12 groups according to the principle of path matching. The excitation frequencies to perform experimental studies are first determined based on the dominance of a single non-overlapping fundamental guided wave mode. Then the group velocities of A0 and S0 modes are measured to determine the time windows applied to the receiving signals to extract the maximum envelopes. And the mode that has a higher sensitivity to defects is selected for damage imaging. The proposed method uses the maximum envelope of the first arrival wave packet as the damage features, ensuring independence from baseline signals. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through four distinct defect cases at various positions, demonstrating both the feasibility and accuracy of the path-matching approach for inspecting anisotropic material.