The Impact of a Taper Impedance Transformation on the TRL De-Embedding Error
Mendes, J.
;
Nunes, L. C.
;
Barradas, F. M. B.
;
Cabral, P. M.
;
Pedro, J. C.
IEEE Journal of Microwaves Vol. 4, Nº 3, pp. 389 - 403, July, 2024.
ISSN (print):
ISSN (online): 2692-8388
Scimago Journal Ranking: (in )
Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/JMW.2024.3405018
Abstract
This work originates from the realization that, in a transformed impedance thru-reflect-line (TRL) calibration, the sensitivity to random measurement errors is affected by impedance discrepancies between the impedance transformer and the device-under-test (DUT). Through a thorough exploration that includes theoretical analysis, simulations and TRL measurements, this study establishes that the accuracy of de-embedding operations on a transformed impedance medium is intricately tied to the difference between the Thevenin impedance seen from the DUT-side of the launcher and the DUT impedance. A noteworthy finding is that minimizing this difference enhances the resilience of the de-embedding process against random measurement errors, being advantageous for precision modeling techniques, and demonstrating the importance of considering those concepts when designing an access structure to a DUT.